MultiTree:

Name: Western Numic Type: Language Alternate Names: Mono; Monachi; Saidyuka; Mono (in United States); Monache Spoken in: USA, Cameroon Number of speakers: 39 (1994 L. Hinton), decreasing. 10 to 12 North Fork, 15 Auberry, 7 to 8 Big Sandy, 5 to 6 Dunlap, no Waksachi. Ethnic population: 600 (2000 A. Yamamoto); 103 (2000 US census) (Ethnologue) Number of speakers: 370 (UNESCO) Number of speakers: 39 (World Oral Literature Project) Code: mnr Code Standard: ISO 639-3 Documentation: SIL Families: Uto-Aztecan (Yuta-Nawan) Parent Subgroup: Comanche; Western Numic; Monoish Group (wnum) Child Dialects: Mono; Western Mono; Monachi (mnr-wes) Western Mono; Eastern Mono; Owens Valley Mono; Owens Valley (mnr-owe) Brief Description: "Mono is a Western Numic language spoken in central California both on the western side of the Sierra Nevada, between Yosemite National Park and Kings Canyon National Park, and on the eastern side in Owens Valley from Lone Pine north to Big Pine. Mono has two main geographical divisions. Western Mono (or Monachi) is spoken in several communities that are close by (and socially connected to) Yokuts communities. The most important of these are at North Fork and Auberry (Big Sandy Rancheria), each of which has at least ten fully fluent speakers, the youngest in his 50s. There are also a few speakers at Tollhouse (Cold Springs Rancheria) and Dunlopo. In addition, 100 or more people have some passive or second-language knowledge of the language. Eastern Mono (or Owens Valley Paiute) is spoken in the Owens Valley communities of Bishop, Big Pine, Lone Pine, and Fort Independence. All Eastern Mono speakers are elderly and number not more than 30 in a total population of about 1,000. Each of the communities has sponsored language revival programmes." Victor Golla, Atlas of the World's Languages 2007 pg. 18-19

Endangerment Status

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UNESCO Status: Critically endangered Ethnologue Status: Nearly Extinct Sutherland's Red List: Critically Endangered